12 Tenses

12 TENSES

I. PRESENT TENSE
1. Simple Present (Kebiasaan/Sekarang)
Pattern:
S+V1+… atau S+tobe(am,is,are)+V1(s/es)+…
I=am, You,we,they=are, he,she,it=is
TS: always, usually, sometimes, habitually, nowadays, often, every…, at 7 o’clock, still, when, now, soon, etc.
Examples:
 I go to school everyday.
 He always gets up at 5 o’clock.
2. Present Continuous (Sedang berbuat)
Pattern:
S+tobe(am,is,are)+Ving+… Untuk semua subject.
TS: Use of Present (when, soon, tonight, now, right now, today,still, this… etc.)
Examples:
 The students are studying now
 He is playing football.
3. Present Perfect (Sekarang selesai)
Pattern:
S+(Have/Has)+V3+…
TS: Use of Present (since, already, just, once, twice, ever, never, …times, this…at present, etc.)
Examples:
 Mr. Novel has taught here since 2009
 I have read your letter.
4. Present Perfect Continuous (Sudah mulai dan masih berlangsung diwaktu sekarang)
Pattern:
S+(Had been)+Ving+… Untuk semua subject.
TS: Use of Present (for, since, long, the whole day, all the morning, all the…etc.)
Examples:
 Mr. N has been working at this office for three years.
 I have been studying at UNDIP since 2008.
II. PAST TENSE
1. Simple Past (Lampau)
Pattern:
S+V2+… atau S+(was/were)+…
They, we, you=were, He,she,it and I=was
TS: Yesterday, …ago, last…, the day before.
Examples:
 I went to school yesterday.
 I did’t go to Jakarta last week.
2. Past Continuous (Sedang berbuat lampau)
Pattern:
S+(was/were)+Ving+…
TS: Use of Past (yesterday, …while…, …as…, …when…, all day yesterday)
Examples:
 He was studying all day yesterday.
 I was washing my dress when my uncle came.
3. Past Perfect (Lampau selesai)
Pattern:
S+Had+V3+… Untuk semua subject.
TS: before, after, until, as soon as, by the end of.
Examples:
 She had fallen before I helped her.
 He told me his name after I had asked her twice.
4. Past Perfect Continuous (Sudah mulai dan masih berlangsung diwaktu lampau)
Pattern:
S+(Had been)+Ving+…
TS: when
Example:
 I had been living here for five years when Mr. N came to this city in 2009.
III. FUTURE TENSE
1. Simple Future (akan datang)
Pattern:
S+Shall/Will+V1+… ( will = tobe going to )
TS: tomorrow, when/while, before, after, if, until.
Examples:
 Anton will post the letter tomorrow.
 Dhani will come if I invite him.
 I am going to give you new bicycle if you go with him.
2. Future Continuous (akan datang sedang berlangsung)
Pattern:
S+Shall/Will+be+Ving+…
TS: at this time tomorrow, at…..tomorrow
Example:
 I am going to be working at nine o’clock tomorrow morning.
 She will be eating at a restaurant at 8 tomorrow night.
3. Future Perfect (akan datang sudah selesai)
Pattern:
S+Shall/Will+Have+V3+…
TS: By the end of, before, by next, by now.
Example:
 She will have written her novel by the end of this month.
 I am going to have finished my job before the end of this week.
4. Future Perfect Continuous (akan sudah sedang berlangsung)
Pattern:
S+Shall/Will+Have been+Ving+…
TS: by…, by the end of…
Example:
- He will have been studying in SMK for two years by the end of year.

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